Equity markets, also known as stock markets, are financial markets where shares of publicly traded companies are bought and sold. These markets provide a platform for companies to raise capital by selling ownership stakes to investors. Equity markets are an essential part of the financial system, as they allow individuals and institutions to invest in companies and share in their profits and losses. Prices of stocks on equity markets are determined by supply and demand factors, as well as fundamental factors such as company performance and economic conditions. Investors can participate in equity markets through stock exchanges, over-the-counter markets, and online trading platforms. Equity markets play a crucial role in the allocation of capital and risk in the economy.